The most extreme starbursts in the local Universe

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Scientific paper

We select galaxies with extreme star formation rates (SFR > 200 solar masses per year) in a volume-limited (0.1 < z < 0.3) sample from the Brinchmann et al. (2004) study of star-forming galaxies in the local Universe. Such galaxies are predicted to have infrared (IR) luminosities greater than 10^12 solar luminosities, and as such are the optically-selected counterparts to ultraluminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs). We propose to obtain MIPS 24, 70 and 160 micron observations of this sample to study the luminosities, SEDs, and dust temperatures of the host galaxies, their merger companions, and other galaxies in their environs. We will look for evidence (from SEDs) of hidden 'Type 2' AGN, and correlate merger fraction, merger stage (from optical images), and AGN fraction with other properties such as IR luminosity and color. Trends within the sample, as well as comparison with IR-selected ULIRGs, will shed light on the evolutionary processes linking extreme star formation, AGN fueling, and the fate of gas and dust in the mergers which are believed to lead to the formation of large elliptical galaxies. The extreme SFRs in our sample are more familiar from high-redshift systems such as sub-mm galaxies, Lyman break galaxies, and distant radio galaxies. This is an excellent opportunity to study with unprecedented detail and sensitivity the local analogs of these systems which were so important in the evolution of galaxies in the early Universe.

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