The mineralogy and the isotopic composition of sulfur in hydrothermal sulfide/sulfate deposits on the East Pacific Rise, 21°N latitude

Details The mineralogy and the isotopic composition of sulfur in hydrothermal sulfide/sulfate deposits on the East Pacific Rise, 21°N latitude The mineralogy and the isotopic composition of sulfur in hydrothermal sulfide/sulfate deposits on the East Pacific Rise, 21°N latitude

May 1981

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1981e%26psl..53..382s&link_type=abstract

Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Volume 53, Issue 3, p. 382-390.

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54

Scientific paper

The mineralogy of five groups of hydrothermal chimneys from the East Pacific Rise has been examined. Three of the chimneys, where the exit temperature of the hydrothermal fluids was close to 350°C, are rich in copper sulfides. Exit temperatures from the other two chimneys were less than 300°C in these, the chimney walls are rich in zinc sulfide. The major sulfides in the chimneys as a whole were found to be wurtzite, chalcopyrite, pyrite, and cubanite. Anhydrite is always the dominant sulfate, and is present in all the deposits. Silicates are also present but in relatively minor amounts. There are considerable differences in the mineralogy of sulfides, sulfates, and silicates between the active and inactive vent deposits.
The isotopic composition of sulfur in anhydrites from active vents is close to that of seawater; the δ34S values of the sulfides range from +1.3 to +4.1‰. The isotopic composition of sulfur in the anhydrites is consistent with a derivation predominantly from seawater sulfate. The sulfur in the sulfides must have a complex origin including contributions from both sulfur in basalts and sulfide produced by reduction of sulfate in seawater. Mixing of H2S-dominated hydrothermal fluids with cold seawater near the seafloor resulted in the precipitation of non-equilibrium assemblages of sulfides and sulfates.

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