The magnitude-redshift relation in a perturbed Friedmann universe

Statistics – Computation

Scientific paper

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Cosmology, Red Shift, Universe, Color-Magnitude Diagram, Computational Astrophysics, Distance, Luminosity, Mathematical Models, Perturbation, Reciprocity Theorem

Scientific paper

A general formula for the magnitude-redshift relation in an inhomogeneous cosmological model which can be described by a Friedman-Robertson-Walker metric plus small perturbations is proposed. The formula does not assume any specific gauge condition, but explicitly demonstrates the gauge-invariance. It is applied to the Einstein-de-Sitter universe with small density inhomogeneities. The anisotropy is decomposed into multipole components, and the significance of dipole and quadrupole components is considered. It is noted that gravitational effects, in addition to peculiar velocities of source objects and the observer, contribute to the dipole. The importance of observing the quadrupole is emphasized.

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