The magnetohydrodynamic equilibrium of coronal helmet streamers.

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics

Scientific paper

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Mhd, Magnetic Fields, Sun: Corona, Magnetic Fields

Scientific paper

The equilibrium of coronal helmet streamers is investigated within the framework of an axisymmetric magnetohydrodynamic polytropic model. The main features of this work are: (i) The eight MHD vector equations are reduced - via analytical manipulations - to three scalar equations involving the magnetic flux function, the current density and temperature; (ii) The reduced system of equations is solved by the aid of a computational algorithm including both relaxation and iterative techniques, and is continued until the maximum local relative change with time becomes smaller than 10^-4^; (iii) At the Sun, only three physical quantities are fixed, namely, the radial component of the magnetic field, the temperature and the particle density. The other quantities - the θ-magnetic field, radial and θ-components of the streaming velocity - are determined in a self-consistent way; (iv) The coronal helmet streamer structure is obtained by: specifying the (observed) latitude extension on the sun of the region of closed magnetic field lines, requiring the field lines in the meridian plane to become purely radial at 10 solar radii, and imposing the continuity condition on the field line separating the region of closed field lines from that of open field lines. The algorithm used in this work enables the separate analysis of the following problems of interest: (i) the linear problem - plasma acceleration in a prescribed helmet streamer-like configuration; (ii) The quasi-linear problem - the feedback effect of the plasma (solar wind) flow on the vacuum magnetic configuration; and (iii) the non-linear problem - the consistent equilibrium state of the magnetic field and plasma flow in coronal helmet streamers. The quantitative results obtained in these studies are presented, compared and discussed.

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