The Joint Milli-Arcsecond Pathfinder Survey (J-MAPS) Mission: Introduction and Science Goals

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics

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The Joint Milli-Arcsecond Pathfinder Survey (J-MAPS) mission is a small, space-based, all-sky visible wavelength astrometric and photometric survey for 2nd through 15th magnitude stars with a 2012 launch goal. The primary mission goal for J-MAPS is the generation of a nearly 40 million star astrometric catalog with better than 1 milliarcsecond positional accuracy, and photometry to the 1% accuracy level, or better. A 1-mas (or better) all-sky survey will have a significant impact on our current understanding of galactic and stellar astrophysics. J-MAPS will impact our understanding of the origins of nearby young stars, provide insight into the dynamics of star formation regions and associations, investigate the dynamics and membership of nearby open clusters, and discover the smallest brown dwarfs at distances up to 5pc after a 2 year mission, and Jupiter-like planets out to 3pc after 4 years. J-MAPS will provide critical milliarcsecond level parallaxes of tens of millions of stars in the difficult 8-15th magnitude range, which when combined with stellar spectroscopy and relative radii determined from exoplanet transit surveys, allows a determination of stellar radii and exoplanet densities. In addition, the 20 year baseline between the groundbreaking Hipparcos mission and the J-MAPS mission allows the combination of J-MAPS and Hipparcos catalogs to produce common proper motions on the order of 50-100 microarcseconds per year.

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