Computer Science
Scientific paper
Jun 1974
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1974gecoa..38..947p&link_type=abstract
Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol. 38, Issue 6, pp.947-966
Computer Science
Scientific paper
This paper consists of two interrelated parts. In the first part, the influence of the composition of sediment organic matter on crude oil composition is discussed. The second part deals with the origin of normal paraffins in petroleum. Source beds with abundant terrestrial plant matter generate heavy hydrocarbons rich in five-ring naphthenes. Unless such source beds are exposed to a high temperature for a prolonged time, the oils released are also rich in five-ring naphthenes. Such oils are rare; thus far the only examples found are some Eocene Wilcox oils from the Texas Gulf Coast and some Eocene Green River oils from the Uinta Basin, Utah. Normally, oil source beds are not rich in terrestrial plant matter and the five-ring naphthene content of the source bed hydrocarbons, as well as that of the produced oils, is low. The n-paraffins generated by oil source beds rich in terrestrial plant matter are characterized by abnormally low (C 21 + C 22 )/(C 28 + C 29 ) ratios of 0.6-1.2. In oils of dominantly marine origin, this ratio is in the range 1.5-5.0. The ratio of marine to terrestrial organic matter in source beds appears to influence both the naphthene composition and the n-paraffin composition of the generated oils. Evidence is presented that petroleum n-parainns originate from slow thermal cracking of fatty acids contained in fats and waxes. Reaction equations are discussed which explain the major geochemical observations, including the difference in carbon-number distribution of the assumed parental fatty acids and of their descendant n-paraffins. In normal oils, which originate mostly from fat rich marine organic matter, the n-paraffin concentration tapers off above C 20 . The molecular weight range of the fatty acids of plant waxes is considerably higher than that of fats. If plant waxes contribute strongly to the oil source material, the molecular weight distribution of the petroleum n-paraffins formed is abnormal and high carbon numbers in the C 24 -C 32 range dominate.
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