The height variation of supergranular velocity fields determined from simultaneous OSO 8 satellite and ground-based observations

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics

Scientific paper

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Convective Flow, Satellite Observation, Solar Atmosphere, Solar Granulation, Ultraviolet Spectroscopy, Velocity Measurement, Astronomical Observatories, Chromosphere, Doppler Effect, Gravity Waves, Ground Stations, Oso-8, Photosphere, Shear Layers, Velocity Distribution

Scientific paper

Results are reported for simultaneous satellite and ground-based observations of supergranular velocities in the sun, which were made using a UV spectrometer aboard OSO 8 and a diode-array instrument operating at the exit slit of an echelle spectrograph attached to a vacuum tower telescope. Observations of the steady Doppler velocities seen toward the limb in the middle chromosphere and the photosphere are compared; the observed spectral lines of Si II at 1817 A and Fe I at 5576 A are found to differ in height of formation by about 1400 km. The results show that supergranular motions are able to penetrate at least 11 density scale heights into the middle chromosphere, that the patterns of motion correlate well with the cellular structure seen in the photosphere, and that the motion increases from about 800 m/s in the photosphere to at least 3000 m/s in the middle chromosphere. These observations imply that supergranular velocities should be evident in the transition region and that strong horizontal shear layers in supergranulation should produce turbulence and internal gravity waves.

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