The generalized second law forbids singularity resolution, viable baby universes, traversable wormholes, warp drives, time machines, and negative mass objects

Details The generalized second law forbids singularity resolution, viable baby universes, traversable wormholes, warp drives, time machines, and negative mass objects The generalized second law forbids singularity resolution, viable baby universes, traversable wormholes, warp drives, time machines, and negative mass objects

2010-10-26

arxiv.org/abs/1010.5513v2

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Astrophysics

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology

38 pages, 4 figures, discussion of global hyperbolicity revised (4.1, 5.2), more comments on AdS

Scientific paper

The generalized second law can be used to prove a singularity theorem, by generalizing the notion of a trapped surface to quantum situations. Like Penrose's original singularity theorem, it implies that spacetime is null geodesically incomplete inside black holes, and to the past of spatially infinite Friedmann--Robertson--Walker cosmologies. If space is finite instead, the generalized second law requires that there only be a finite amount of entropy producing processes in the past, unless there is a reversal of the arrow of time. In asymptotically flat spacetime, the generalized second law also rules out traversable wormholes, negative masses, and other forms of faster-than-light travel, as well as closed timelike curves. Furthermore it is impossible to form baby universes which eventually become independent of the mother universe, or to restart inflation. Since the semiclassical approximation is used only in regions with low curvature, it is argued that the results may hold in full quantum gravity. An introductory section describes the second law and its time-reverse, in ordinary and generalized thermodynamics, using either the fine-grained or the coarse-grained entropy. A proof of the coarse-grained ordinary second law is given.

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