The form and energy of the shock waves from the solar flares of August 2, 4, and 7, 1972

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

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Magnetic Flux, Radio Observation, Shock Fronts, Solar Flares, Thermal Energy, Pioneer 10 Space Probe, Pioneer 9 Space Probe, Satellite Observation, Solar Wind, Spaceborne Astronomy

Scientific paper

The shape of the shock waves associated with the August 1972 solar flares was determined by comparing the plasma measurement data from the Prognoz, Prognoz 2, Pioneer 9, and Pioneer 10 space probes with observations of radio source scintillations and comet brightness. A nearly spherical shock wave form was obtained for two flares on August 2, and essentially nonspherical shock wave forms were obtained for flares on August 4 and 7. The energy and ejected mass determined from the Prognoz 2 measurements of the additional energy and mass flux behind each shock wave are 10 to the 32nd to 10 to the 33rd ergs and 10 to the 16th to 10 to the 17th g, respectively. From the comparison of Prognoz 2 and Pioneer 9 data a significant maximum energy flux near the flare meridian on the shock wave front was deduced for the August 4 flare.

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