The First Observation of Sulfur in Anomalous Cosmic Rays by the GEOTAIL and the WIND Spacecrafts

Details The First Observation of Sulfur in Anomalous Cosmic Rays by the GEOTAIL and the WIND Spacecrafts The First Observation of Sulfur in Anomalous Cosmic Rays by the GEOTAIL and the WIND Spacecrafts

Mar 1997

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1997apj...477l.111t&link_type=abstract

Astrophysical Journal Letters v.477, p.L111

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Astronomy

8

Ism: Cosmic Rays, Ism: General

Scientific paper

The Geotail high-energy particle instruments have observed cosmic-ray particles in the energy range from 3 MeV n-1 to 150 MeV n-1 at 1 AU during the period 1992 September--1995 August. A remarkable enhancement of anomalous cosmic-ray (ACR) N, O, Ne, and C is observed during the period. A measurable enhancement of the sulfur flux below about 20 MeV n-1 was observed. This is the first evidence showing the existence of sulfur in the anomalous component. The flux increase of anomalous sulfur, with a first ionization potential (FIP) of 10.4 eV, is smaller than that of ACR carbon with an FIP of 11.3 eV and much smaller than those of high-FIP elements, which suggests that the fractions of neutral carbon and sulfur atoms are significantly low in the very local interstellar medium.

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