The extent of greater India, III. Palaeomagnetic data from the Tibetan Sedimentary series, Thakkhola region, Nepal Himalaya

Details The extent of greater India, III. Palaeomagnetic data from the Tibetan Sedimentary series, Thakkhola region, Nepal Himalaya The extent of greater India, III. Palaeomagnetic data from the Tibetan Sedimentary series, Thakkhola region, Nepal Himalaya

Dec 1980

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1980e%26psl..51..381k&link_type=abstract

Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Volume 51, Issue 2, p. 381-405.

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22

Scientific paper

The palaeomagnetism of 750 carbonate and sandstone samples from the Tibetan Sedimentary Series (TSS) of the Thakkhola region (north central Nepal) has been studied. This region forms part of India's former leading edge, underthrust by India along the Main Central Thrust (MCT). Samples of Devono-Carboniferous to Early Cretaceous age were collected from 14 localities. Five magnetic components have been distinguished: (1) a predominant component of recent origin, (2) a secondary component probably acquired during early Tertiary collision of India with Asia or offshore island arcs, (3) primary magnetic components of Middle? Permian to Early Cretaceous age, and another two secondary components either tentatively related with the predominant b-axes pattern of the TSS (4), or attributed to MCT-related metamorphism of the lower TSS (5).
Declinations of the secondary collision component and the primary components mismatch declination data from the Indian subcontinent by 10-15°. A testable model is proposed, which related this mismatch to rotational underthrusting of India along the MCT beneath its former leading edge and beneath the Tibetan Plateau. The model accounts for underthrusting of continental lithosphere over 200-350 km at the longitude of the sampled region in central Nepal.
A minimum estimate for the northern extent of India (post-Neotethys formation) is proposed, based on this magnitude of rotational underthrusting and on generally accepted values for crustal shortening across the Himalaya. Within the modified Smith and Hallam reconstruction of Gondwanaland, this estimate satisfies constraints imposed by seafloor spreading data from the eastern Indian Ocean and facies analyses of the western Australian continental margin.
The palaeomagnetic results herein presented as well as those obtained elsewhere in the Himalayan region can be interpreted in support of Molnar and Tapponnier's model for deformation of southern Asia.
Present address: Institute of Earth and Planetary Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta. T6G 2J1, Canada.

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