The Evolution of the Size-Magnitude Relation for Disk Galaxies

Mathematics – Logic

Scientific paper

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Scientific paper

We use high-resolution hydrodynamical cosmological simulations to investigate the claim from observations that galactic disks are set in place and evolve very weakly after a redshift of 1, or eight billion years ago in lookback time. This observational result is contrary to simple analytic predictions that suggest that disks are unstable at high z and therefore must undergo most of their formation after z=1. We decompose the simulated galaxies into bulge and disk components, deriving disk scale lengths by fitting 1D radial light curves for 9 galaxies with total masses of 1010 to 1012 solar masses. We used light profiles generated by running the simulated galaxies through Sunrise, a program which creates mock "observations," allowing a realistic comparison to observational results. We find that while disks are already in place by z=1, most disks do still grow in size by a factor of 1.5 to 2 after z=1, contrary to observational expectations. We find that our simulated galaxies agree with the observed magnitude-size relation for galaxy disks at both z=1 and z=0. Our data suggest there is less luminosity evolution and greater size evolution than generally interpreted from observational results, but that the evolution in the magnitude-size plane may depend on galaxy mass.

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