The electrum-tarnish method for the determination of the fugacity of sulfur in laboratory sulfide systems

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A new method for the determination of the fugacity of sulfur in laboratory systems consists of visual observation of the development and decomposition of a sulfide tarnish phase on silver-gold alloy (electrum) of precisely known composition. The alloy system is calibrated against pure sulfur. The method has the following advantages: simple apparatus; ability to cover a large range of fugacity of S 2 ; ability to cover a large temperature range by permitting runs of long duration; ability to tolerate other components in the gas phase; and ease of recovery of the quenched charges for determinations of phases and compositions. Results obtained by the electrum-tarnish method are in satisfactory agreement with those obtained by other workers for the f s 2 vs. T curves for the assemblage Ni (1- x ) S + NiS 2 . The electrum-tarnish method shows promise for investigating many other reactions. Univariant reactions studied by this method can be represented as lines forming a genetic grid in terms of the environmental parameters f s 2 and T , The slopes of such lines can yield valuable thermodynamic data for the phases involved, but activity coefficients must be known for phases of variable composition.

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