The dynamics of dumb-bell galaxies

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Circular Orbits, Galactic Structure, Interacting Galaxies, Lagrangian Equilibrium Points, Angular Momentum, Astronomical Models, Line Of Sight, Stellar Systems

Scientific paper

This paper presents theoretical models for a particular class of close binary galaxies, the 'dumb-bell galaxies'. In these models two components of equal size orbit each other on bound, circular orbits within a common envelope of adjustable extent. A series of self-consistent equilibria is constructed for such dumb-bell systems. These equilibria are based on distribution functions that depend on the Jacobian energy E(j) only, and as a result they all rotate as solid bodies. N-body experiments indicate that the presence of a common envelope per se does not cause violent dynamical instabilities, and that therefore binary systems with a common envelope of limited extent do not necessarily coalesce within a few orbital periods. However, mass and angular momentum loss through the Lagrangian point L3 can lead to a rapid merging of the two subsystems. An application of these results to binary stars suggests that the initial merging of a double white dwarf will not produce a massive enough remnant to ignite a supernova. A preliminary investigation of the orbital structure within the present dumb-bell potential reveals the presence of two additional integrals of motion for particles that remain within one half of the dumb-bell.

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