Mathematics – Logic
Scientific paper
Apr 1963
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1963gecoa..27..297k&link_type=abstract
Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol. 27, Issue 4, pp.297-312
Mathematics
Logic
45
Scientific paper
Analyses of sulphur compounds in basin sediments off southern California indicate that elemental sulphur, free sulphide, hydrotroilite, organic sulphur, sulphate and pyrite are present in quantities that vary with environment and depth in the sediments. Pyrite is generally the most abundant form, occurring in oxidizing as well as in reducing sediments and often constituting 90 per cent of total sulphur. A material balance indicates that the total sulphur content is far in excess of the sulphate-sulphur initially trapped in the interstitial water. This evidence, together with failure to detect significant alternate sources, suggests that sulphate-sulphur is extracted from the overlying sea water at the sediment-water interface. Isotope measurements confirm many of the conclusions suggested by the quantitative chemical analyses. They show that biological sulphate reduction is the single most important process in the sulphur cycle. The sulphide released is converted to hydrotroilite and then to pyrite. Elemental and organic sulphur appear to be continually forming and reacting in the sediment column. The organic sulphur released from decaying organic matter apparently plays only a small role in the sulphur economy. Enrichment in S 32 ranging from 9 to 62 was measured in pyrite fragments, a spread similar to that previously observed in ancient sediments. Data from field and laboratory experiments were combined to determine rate of sulphate reduction, number of sulphate reducing bacteria and the amount of organic matter decomposed during sulphate reduction in the sediment, as well as rate of renewal of water in the basins. The results suggest that the methods used may have many applications for elucidating in situ rate processes.
Emery K. O.
Kaplan Isaac R.
Rittenbebg S. C.
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