The composition of spherules and other features on shatter cone surfaces from the Vredefort structure, South Africa

Details The composition of spherules and other features on shatter cone surfaces from the Vredefort structure, South Africa The composition of spherules and other features on shatter cone surfaces from the Vredefort structure, South Africa

Nov 1978

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1978e%26psl..41..372g&link_type=abstract

Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol. 41, no. 3, Nov. 1978, p. 372-380. Research supported by the International Union of Ge

Mathematics

Logic

4

Mineralogy, Ring Structures, Sedimentary Rocks, Spherules, Electron Microscopy, Fusion (Melting), Lunar Rocks, Metal Oxides, Microanalysis, Photomicrographs, Quartz, Quartzite, Republic Of South Africa, Shales, Silica Glass, Solubility, X Ray Analysis

Scientific paper

This paper reports on the composition of 25 spherules found on shatter-cone surfaces from Kimberley shale and Elsburg quartzite horizons in collar rocks around the core of the Vredefort ring structure. The analyses were carried out using a scanning electron microscope fitted with an energy-dispersive X-ray analysis system. The results indicate that the spherules can be classified into two main groups, one with a high silica content and the other rich in iron, as well as a third group of exotic spherules which either are rich in unusual elements, such as Ti, or have concentrations of major elements significantly different from the norms. The origin and significance of the spherules is considered. It is suggested that the spherules and other structural features seen on certain shatter-cone surfaces formed by frictional melting of material during shatter-cone formation, which may require that shatter cones form very rapidly under extreme shock conditions.

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