The Bulk Density of Meteoroids from Electro-Optical Measurements

Statistics – Computation

Scientific paper

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Scientific paper

The mean bulk density of small meteoroids remains a poorly measured quantity. The theory of quasi-continuous fragmentation (Lebedinets 1987 and Babadzhanov 1994) suggests that the average density for individual meteoroids varies from 100 and 8000 Kg m-3. In a similar mass range, the competing single body theory (i.e. the heating of the meteoroid occurs without intensive fragmentation) (Bellot et al., 2002) gives low values from 100 to 4500 Kg m-3. Here we report our early attempts to measure the bulk density of smaller (mg) meteoroids applying single body theory to low-light-level tv (LLLTV) observations. In particular, we employ a novel gated image intensified high-resolution CCD to greatly increase the temporal and spatial resolution of ablating faint meteors. We solve the kinematics of each event from measured data according to standard techniques (eg. Borovica, 1993) to generate very accurate astrometric solution (see Figures). Additionally, we adapt a use of new photometry algorithm (Xguiphot, new IRAF multi-aperture photometry (Davis, 1999)) to meteor photometry. From these brightness data, we generate meteor light curves and solve the brightness vs. kinematics of each event using a new numerical model of meteor ablation (Campbell-Brown and Koschny, 2004) applied on the light curve to determine accurately the mass of the meteor to be used in the density computation. The bulk density for small meteoroids is an important proxy of the physical nature of the host parent body. As well, variations in bulk densities among meteoroids may reflect various evolutionary processes, such as sintering, thus providing some insight into the orbital evolution of individual meteoroids.

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