The Astrophysical 3He Problem: a Plasma Physics Solution

Mathematics – Logic

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Scientific paper

The evolution of the light isotopes formed in the big bang nucleosynthesis (BBN) is crucial for an understanding of the early Universe. 3He is one of the main elements that can be used as a cosmological ""baryometer"" and its evolution is paramount in constraining the baryon-to-photon ratio. The presently observed 3He HII abundance is not much higher than the BBN yield 3He/H ~ 2.0*10-5 in contrast to the evolutionary galactic models. An extra nonstandard rotation-induced mixing in a red giant branch does not support the measurements of the known planetary nebulae which show abundance ratio of 3He/H ~ 10-4- 10-3 while the inferred mass of the progenitor star satisfies M < 2 Msun in contrast to the nonstandard mixing. Heliospheric observations of 3He/4He enhancements in active heliospheric periods show an increased baseline isotopic ratio. The enhancement of 3He on coronal field lines is due to resonant interaction with ion cyclotron waves similarly to terrestrial auroral observations. It is suggested therefore that an enrichment of a subset of minority elements at progenitor star with a low mass and resulting intense magnetic activity causes the 3He/4He enhancements solving partly the ""astrophysical 3He problem"" with important implications for galactic evolution and cosmology.

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