The adjoint method applied to time-distance helioseismology

Statistics – Computation

Scientific paper

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[7290] Seismology / Computational Seismology, [7522] Solar Physics, Astrophysics, And Astronomy / Helioseismology, Data Assimilation

Scientific paper

For a given misfit function, a specified optimality measure of a model, its gradient describes the manner in which one may alter properties of the system to march towards a stationary point. The adjoint method, arising from partial-differential-equation-constrained optimization, describes a means of extracting derivatives of a misfit function with respect to model parameters through finite computation. It relies on the accurate calculation of wavefields that are driven by two types of sources, namely the average wave-excitation spectrum, resulting in the forward wavefield, and differences between predictions and observations, resulting in an adjoint wavefield. All sensitivity kernels relevant to a given measurement emerge directly from the evaluation of an interaction integral involving these wavefields. The technique facilitates computation of sensitivity kernels relative to three-dimensional heterogeneous background models with magnetic fields, thereby paving the way for non-linear iterative inversions. We present flow, sound-speed and magnetic-field kernels.

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