Testing the Standard Model of Cosmology with Strong Lensing Galaxy Clusters

Mathematics – Logic

Scientific paper

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Scientific paper

Galaxy cluster strong lenses are powerful probes of cosmology, large scale structure, and the high-z universe. They are also, however, extremely rare, and their value has historically been limited as a result of the dearth of known cluster lenses. We present results using a new, well-defined sample of hundreds of galaxy-cluster-scale strong lenses that were identified in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) and the Red-Sequence Cluster Survey 2 (RCS2). We use strong lens model constraints on the matter distribution in the cores of dozens of lensing clusters, and combine these measurements at small radius with multiple mass observables on virial radius scales to empirically recover the mass-concentration relation for clusters spanning more than an order of magnitude in mass. Contrary to previous claims based on small samples of clusters, we find that the mass-concentration relation is generally in good agreement with theoretical expectations for a strong lensing selected sample of clusters. We also use the ensemble statistics of a complete sample of hundreds of giant arcs to provide a new measurement of the abundance of clusters forming giant arcs in a well-defined cosmological volume, and we measure the redshift distribution of our giant arc sample. We find that the median redshift of bright (g < 24) giant arcs is z 2, which provides some relief of the previously claimed "giant arc problem", while simultaneously establishing that our large sample of giant arcs provides the observational community with hundreds of highly magnified galaxies at high redshift.

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