Tertiary Companions and Rotational Velocities of Young, Visual Binary Components

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

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Scientific paper

Understanding where and how planet formation takes place is key to the search for life in the nearby universe. Recent surveys conclude that among stars of planet-forming age, most reside in binary and triple systems, underscoring the need for knowledge of the evolution of circumstellar disks in multiples. In order to better understand the higher-order systems that hold a significant portion of planet-forming materials in our galactic neighborhood, we used near-infrared, high resolution spectroscopy to look for spectroscopic binaries among the components of young, visual binaries and to identify properties of these stars such as spectral type and vsini. Our sample includes 17 pre-main sequence visual binaries spread throughout the Taurus and Orion star-forming regions. We identify several binaries with a candidate tertiary component, including V710 Tau in which the earlier spectral type primary is less luminous than the secondary. A surprising result from this sample shows that among half the systems, vsinis differ significantly between components, with the primary usually exhibiting the greater vsini. This result suggests either different inclinations between components, the presence of intermediate-period tertiary companions, rotational velocity differences arising from differential circumstellar disk evolution, or some combination of these possibilities. This project was supported by the NSF.

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