Tension in the Void: Cosmic Rulers Strain Inhomogeneous Cosmologies

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics – Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics

Scientific paper

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34 pages, 12 figs

Scientific paper

New constraints on inhomogeneous Lem\^aitre-Tolman-Bondi models alternative to Dark Energy are presented, focusing on adiabatic profiles with homogeneous Big Bang and baryon fraction. The Baryon Acoustic Oscillation (BAO) Scale at early times is computed in terms of the asymptotic value and then projected to different redshifts by following the geodesics of the background metric. Additionally, a model-independent method to constraint the local expansion rate using a prior on supernovae luminosity is presented. Cosmologies described by an adiabatic GBH profile with \Omega_out = 1 and \Omega_out < 1 are investigated using Monte Carlo Markov Chain analysis including the latest BAO data from the WiggleZ collaboration and the local expansion rate from the Hubble Space Telescope, together with Union-II type Ia supernovae data and the position and height of the Cosmic Microwave Background peaks. The addition of BAO data at higher redshifts increases considerably their constraining power and represents a new drawback for this type of models, yielding a value of the local density parameter \Omega_in > 0.2 which is 3 sigma apart from the value \Omega_in < 0.15 found using supernovae. Although the \chi^2/d.o.f. for the GBH-LTB models is similar to that of a fiducial \Lambda CDM model, a Bayesian analysis shows that the constrained GBH model is ruled out at high confidence. The situation does not improve if the asymptotic flatness assumption is dropped. We emphasize that these are purely geometric probes, that only recently have become sufficiently constraining to independently rule out the whole class of adiabatic LTB models.

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