Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics
Scientific paper
Jan 1994
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1994apj...420..422g&link_type=abstract
Astrophysical Journal, Part 1 (ISSN 0004-637X), vol. 420, no. 1, p. 422-432
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astrophysics
19
Radio Emission, Solar Flares, Solar Protons, Solar Temperature, Solar X-Rays, Spectral Signatures, Gamma Rays, Solar Activity Effects, Temperature Distribution, Wave Propagation
Scientific paper
The temperature distributions of flares associated with solar energetic protons (SEPs) have been found to differ significantly from those of normal (non-SEP-associated) flares. At high temperature (greater than or about = 20 MK) and high X-ray intensity, the two temperature distributions merge. At lower temperature (less than or about = 20 MK) and low X-ray intensity, the distributions separate; the SEP-associated flares tend to exhibit temperatures anomalously lower than those of normal flares. At high X-ray intensity, gradual hard X-ray flares are highly correlated with SEPs; at low-to-moderate X-ray intensities, this correlation is much weaker. These two properties, a low-temperature signature for weak flares and a gradual hard X-ray signature for intense flares, may prove useful in identifying events potentially productive of SEPs for all levels of intensity above soft X-ray class M1.
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