Tectonics, alteration and the fractal distribution of hydrothermal veins in the lower ocean crust

Details Tectonics, alteration and the fractal distribution of hydrothermal veins in the lower ocean crust Tectonics, alteration and the fractal distribution of hydrothermal veins in the lower ocean crust

Jan 1995

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1995e%26psl.129..103m&link_type=abstract

Earth and Planetary Science Letters (ISSN 0012-821X), vol. 129, no. 1-4, p. 103-119

Mathematics

Logic

6

Earth Crust, Geological Faults, Hydrothermal Systems, Indian Ocean, Ocean Bottom, Tectonics, Elastic Deformation, Recrystallization, Strain Rate

Scientific paper

Gabbros from Hole 735B preserve the igneous, structural and metamorphic history beneath the Southwest Indian Ridge down to middle amphibolite facies conditions. The gabbro was isolated from the zone of lithospheric necking by detachment faulting, unroofing and block uplift at the inside-corner high of the Atlantis II Transform. Lower crustal accretion, as preserved in the core, is a complex integration of igneous, hydrothermal and tectonic processes. Alteration began at anhydrous granulite conditions as surface faulting penetrated the brittle-ductile transition to form brittle-ductile shear zones. In the amphibolite facies, hydrous alteration around these zones was extensive, while undeformed sections remained virtually unaltered. Amphibole veins formed during the brittle-ductile deformation have a high fractal dimension, reflecting an unclustered distribution, consistent with high strain and cracking rates in the zone of lithospheric necking beneath the ridge. However, the fractal dimensions of the two major gneissic amphibolite zones in Hole 735B are different and suggest that they represent discrete fault zones formed at different times. A detailed account of vein formation is given.

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