Statistics – Applications
Scientific paper
Jan 2010
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2010aas...21560626l&link_type=abstract
American Astronomical Society, AAS Meeting #215, #606.26; Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society, Vol. 36, p.1134
Statistics
Applications
Scientific paper
A new class of wide-field, repeated-scan optical sky surveys is coming online, and will map the sky in the time domain with unprecedented depth, completeness, and dynamic range. These surveys will obtain the cosmic supernova rate by direct counting, in an unbiased way and with high statistics. Many science applications will therefore be feasible. Here we focus on two interesting applications: neutrinos and gamma rays. The cumulative (anti)neutrino production from all core-collapse supernovae within our cosmic horizon gives rise to a diffuse supernova neutrino background (DSNB) which is on the verge of detectability. The observed flux depends on supernova physics, but also on the cosmic history of supernova explosions; currently the cosmic supernova rate introduces a substantial (±40%) uncertainty, largely through its absolute normalization. However, the high precision measurement of the cosmic supernova rate will allow precise predictions of DSNB and the observed high-energy flux will thus test supernova neutrino physics. Additionally, precision determination of the (optically detected) cosmic supernova history will also make the DSNB into a strong probe of optically invisible supernovae, which may be unseen either due to unexpected large dust obscuration in host galaxies, or because some core-collapse events proceed directly to black hole formation and fail to give an optical outburst. In addition to neutrinos, supernovae are the main sources of all but the highest-energy cosmic rays. Cosmic rays can interact with the interstellar medium and produce gamma rays, which must contribute to the diffuse extragalactic background observed by gamma ray observatories such as Fermi. With similar approaches as prediction of DSNB, precise estimation of the diffuse gamma ray background will be achievable and hence provide a way to probe cosmic-ray history.
Beacom John F.
Fields Brian D.
Lien Amy Y.
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