Mathematics – Logic
Scientific paper
Dec 2010
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2010agufm.p51d1470c&link_type=abstract
American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2010, abstract #P51D-1470
Mathematics
Logic
[5410] Planetary Sciences: Solid Surface Planets / Composition, [5464] Planetary Sciences: Solid Surface Planets / Remote Sensing
Scientific paper
Remote sensing analyses of the Gusev crater floor and Meridiani Planum first revealed the possible role of water in their geologic histories. Since 2004, the Mars Exploration Rovers (MERs) Spirit and Opportunity [1] have demonstrated the interaction of water with crustal materials through the detection of hematite, jarosite, other sulfates, and opaline silica [2-4]. Mineralogical investigations from orbital reflectance spectroscopy by OMEGA [5] on Mars Express (MEx) and later CRISM [6] on Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) have provided contextual compositional maps that identify iron-bearing materials at Gusev [3] as well as oxides and sulfates at Meridiani [7-11], although with less diversity than revealed by in-situ Mössbauer spectroscopy. These apparently inconsistent observations are the main motivation for the search of exposed hydrated materials from remote spectroscopy. Although previous studies based on the highest spectral resolution data available from CRISM have been used to look for specific spectral absorption bands of Fe2+ from pyroxene and metal-OH from phyllosilicates, they did not result in positive findings at the Gusev crater floor [12] nor at Meridiani Planum [9-10]. These preliminary conclusions indicate that absorption bands from remote-sensing data that are characteristic of the minerals of interest are often very subtle in these areas. Limitations in the interpretation of CRISM data include incomplete atmospheric correction for carbon dioxide and water ice, as well as instrumental artifacts. In the present study, we focused on searching for surface components from high-spectral resolution data from CRISM, identifying mineralogic compositions and mapping them. We used improved calibration that include an up-to-date atmospheric correction [13], despiking and denoising from the CRISM Analysis Tool [14] and correction of photometric effects variations within a scene due to the changes of observation geometry. Then we performed Spectral Mixing Analysis both to collect spectral endmembers from the data and to calculate image fractions. At Meridiani, our new detections of hydrated minerals are consistent with measurements made by Opportunity and we will provide a map. At Gusev, we have found two mafic-rich units in the Columbia Hills. One of them shares similar composition with several impact-craters ejecta within a few kilometers outside the Columbia Hills. This unit shows probable effects of space weathering as a form of mineral oxide-coating. We will report on the meaning of these compositional units in terms of geology and mineral alteration under the light of high-spatial resolution images from HiRISE/MRO and surface roughness estimates from HRSC/MEx. References: [1] Squyres et al., 2003, JGR 108 [2] Arvidson et al., 2006, JGR 111 [3] Arvidson et al., 2006, LPSC 1400 [4] Arvidson et al., 2008, JGR 113 [5] Bibring et al., 2004, ESA SP 1240 [6] Murchie et al., 2007, JGR 112 [7] Gendrin et al., 2005, Science 307 [8] Poulet et al., 2008, Icarus 195 [9] Wiseman et al., 2007, LPSC 1945 [10] Wiseman et al., 2007, 7th Intl Conf Mars 1353 [11] Rogers and Aharonson, 2008, JGR 113 [12] Morris et al., 2007, LPSC 1469 [13] McGuire e al., 2009, PSS 59 [14] Parente et al., 2008, LPSC 2528.
Combe J.
Farrand William H.
McCord Th. B.
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