Supermassive Neutron Stars or Odd binaries: Searching for Companions to Pulsars NGC 6440B and Terzan 5J

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Recent sensitive pulsar searches of globular clusters uncovered four pulsars with very high inferred masses, between 1.7 and 2.7 solar masses. These strongly constrain the behaviour of matter in the ultra-dense interiors of neutron stars, since for most models such massive neutron stars could not exist. All four masses are inferred from the measured advance of periastron with time, under the assumption that it is due to General Relativity only. Here, we propose to test whether part of the observed periastron advance could be induced by the quadrupole moment of a suitably large, rotationally distorted companion. We infer the radii such companions need to have and show that they would be relatively bright, easily detectable with HST. For one pulsar, M 5B, we find a plausible candidate counterpart in archival data. We propose to use 2 orbits with WFC3 to search for suitably large counterparts to two of the other systems, including the one with the highest inferred mass.;

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