Superfluidity in neutron stars. III - Relaxation processes between the superfluid and the crust

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics

Scientific paper

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Momentum Transfer, Neutron Stars, Relaxation Time, Superfluidity, Charge Transfer, Electron Scattering, Hydrodynamics, Molecular Excitation, Neutrinos, Neutron Scattering, Particle Spin, Phonons, Pulsars, Vortices

Scientific paper

Superfluidity in neutron stars is investigated by calculations of the rates of several relaxation processes in which momentum is exchanged between the neutron superfluid in a neutron star and the charged-particle system with which it coexists. Particular attention is given to the scattering of the neutron normal fluid against phonons (both for one- and two-phonon processes), lattice defects and impurities in the crust, and momentum transfer caused by neutron beta-decay. The results are valid for the regime of isotropic superfluidity, i.e., in the portion of the superfluid that coexists with the crust. The relaxation rates are compared to earlier hydrodynamical calculations. It is noted that by assuming that neutron stars are larger than previously thought, the discrepancy between calculated and observed pulsar spin-down after a period jump may be explained.

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