Mathematics – Logic
Scientific paper
Sep 2008
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2008mgm..conf..309s&link_type=abstract
"THE ELEVENTH MARCEL GROSSMANN MEETING On Recent Developments in Theoretical and Experimental General Relativity, Gravitation an
Mathematics
Logic
Scientific paper
Direct numerical simulation has become one of the most powerful techniques available for studying structure formation in the Universe. Using an unprecedented 1010 particles to represent cold dark matter, the 'Millennium Simulation' is the largest cosmological N-body calculation performed to date. The simulation tracks structure growth with a spatial resolution of 16 thousand light-years within a typical region of the Universe more than 2 billion light-years across. Approximately 20 million dark matter halos form in this region, allowing a faithful tracking of the formation of visible galaxies within it, based on simple physical models for the cooling and condensation of gas, for its transformation into stars, for the growth of supermassive black holes in galaxy cores, and for the associated energetic feedback processes. The model galaxies reproduce the small-scale clustering and the galaxy luminosity functions seen in the most recent, present-epoch galaxy surveys remarkably well. This success hinges on the inclusion of non-gravitational heating processes by accreting supermassive black holes, and therefore supports the notion that galaxy and black hole formation are intimately linked. For the first time, the simulation has shown that the clustering properties of halos of a given mass do depend on formation time, unlike expected in excursion set theory. The galaxy catalogues of the millennium simulation have been made publicly available and serve as a community resource to study galaxy formation physics and systematic effects in observational galaxy surveys, or in gravitational lensing studies.
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