Mathematics – Logic
Scientific paper
May 2007
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2007agusmgp54a..02g&link_type=abstract
American Geophysical Union, Spring Meeting 2007, abstract #GP54A-02
Mathematics
Logic
3305 Climate Change And Variability (1616, 1635, 3309, 4215, 4513), 3309 Climatology (1616, 1620, 3305, 4215, 8408), 7522 Helioseismology, 7536 Solar Activity Cycle (2162), 7538 Solar Irradiance
Scientific paper
Broadly, the Earth's climate is driven by the Sun's output, the Earth's reflectance and the Earth's thermal emission. Of these three fundamental climate variables, the Earth's reflectance is the least well-studied. In fact, variations in reflectance are being implicitly ignored when solar cycle variables are treated as proxies for the net sunlight reaching Earth. Variations in the solar irradiance have been precisely measured for more than a quarter century combining observations from various satellites, and here we review the physical reasons why the Sun's irradiance variations over a solar cycle, as well as over longer historical times have climatologically insignificant variations. So, why are there terrestrial signatures of the solar cycle in climate records, or periods like the Maunder Minimum corresponding to times when the Sun was less active? If the variations of irradiance over the most recent solar cycles were typical, then changes in the net sunlight reaching Earth is a logical source of the terrestrial signatures of solar variability. Here, the relevant component of the net sunlight is the much less well-studied global reflectance of the Earth. Small variations in the Sun's output could be amplified in the much less well-studied terretrial albedo. We review our knowledge of the Earth's reflectance from terrestrial measurements of the earthshine and discuss future plans for measurements of terrestrial reflectance.
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