Other
Scientific paper
Dec 2002
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2002agufm.p61d..01s&link_type=abstract
American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2002, abstract #P61D-01
Other
6207 Comparative Planetology, 6225 Mars, 8414 Eruption Mechanisms, 8450 Planetary Volcanism (5480)
Scientific paper
Hlodufell is a 1186m high, 12km2, basaltic tuya volcano, located about 9km south of the Langkjokull ice-cap in south-west Iceland, that preserves a 650m-thick sub-ice to emergent succession. The basal exposures of the main edifice and peripheral areas provide important evidence for sub-ice processes at basaltic tuya volcanoes. This includes at least seven, overlapping, fissure-fed pillow mounds, which are <100m to 1km across and 40-300m high. They are steep-sided, slightly elongate and have convex upper surfaces with local crests of steep narrow ridges of pillow lava. Pillow lavas along the margins of the mounds commonly display ice-contact features, including steeply-oriented flat chill surfaces that are common to several pillow lobes, and distinctive open cavities to several metres across. Some of these cavities contain partial in-fills of in-situ and fluvially-redeposited hyaloclastite. The cavities are interpreted as due to melt-out of ice-blocks incorporated in the margins of pillow lobes during sub-ice construction of the mounds. The mounds are commonly draped by Surtseyan tephra, which was deposited by meltwater stream flows in (probable) sub-ice drainage channels. The ice-contact features and associated meltwater-deposited tephra indicate that sub-ice construction of the tuya involved a leaky water vault. Numerous dike, sill-like and irregular intrusive bodies, many of which display evidence of interaction with wet unconsolidated sediment at their margins, indicate that endogenous construction and modification of the edifice was important during subice growth. Recognition of elongate resistant mounds peripheral to larger edifices will aid recognition of putative tuyas and other areas of sub-ice volcanism on Mars. Recognition of cavities within these edifices and magma-sediment mixing textures associated with sub-ice construction will have to await higher-resolution imagery.
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