Stellar debris clouds in quasars and related objects

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

Scientific paper

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Black Holes (Astronomy), Galactic Nuclei, Quasars, Seyfert Galaxies, Stellar Mass Accretion, Debris, Forbidden Bands, Interstellar Matter, Mass Distribution, Radio Emission, Radio Galaxies, Relativistic Particles, Steady State

Scientific paper

It was previously proposed that the power of a quasar or a Seyfert nucleus may be provided by a process in which a large black hole in a dense galactic nucleus tidally breaks apart stars and eventually accretes their debris. A more detailed analysis of this process is presented, focusing particularly on the steady-state properties of the stellar debris enveloping the black hole. It is shown that this cloud of debris may account for the forbidden lines in quasars; that the broad wings of the permitted lines in quasars, Seyferts, and radio galaxies might be produced in an accretion-disk 'chromosphere'; and that broad forbidden lines, such as those observed in Type 2 Seyferts, could originate in a debris cloud formed by the breakup of stars originally in bound rather than hyperbolic orbits around the black hole. The mass of the debris cloud produced by tidal breakup of stars originally in hyperbolic orbits about the black hole is analyzed, and stellar densities in galactic nuclei are evaluated. The mass-distribution function of black holes is considered along with the gas density in the debris cloud, X-ray emission from quasars and Seyferts, radio emission from quasars, and acceleration mechanisms for relativistic particles.

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