Star trackers for spacecraft applications

Computer Science – Performance

Scientific paper

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Ccd Star Tracker, Satellite Attitude Control, Space Platforms, Spacecraft Instruments, Spacecraft Stability, Computer Techniques, High Resolution, Instrument Errors, Temperature Control

Scientific paper

During the last 10 years the need for a new generation of star trackers emerged as the requirements for space platform attitude control became more stringent. The Advanced Star Tracker (ASTRA) combines the high sensitivity and resolution inherent in a modern CCD detector with the versatile processing capability of a 16-bit microprocessor to achieve a level of performance surpassing existing trackers. In this paper, star tracker error sources and the design and calibration techniques utilized in ASTRA to eliminate or minimize those errors are explored. An error tree presents high and low special frequency centroiding error sources and their influence on the tracker's design. Requirements for thermal control of the detector and for optical calibration are discussed along with an overview of the data processing function. Finally, hardware test results are presented that demonstrate a significant improvement in accuracy and sensitivity relative to existing tube-type trackers.

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