Stability of stellar structure in non-equilibrium thermodynamics. II - C-N-O cycle

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics

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Carbon Isotopes, Nitrogen Isotopes, Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics, Oxygen Isotopes, Stellar Structure, Thermodynamic Cycles, Abundance, Convection, Diffusion, Entropy, Temperature Effects, Thermodynamic Equilibrium

Scientific paper

On the basis of Prigogine's stability criterion of excess entropy production in nonlinear and nonequilibrium thermodynamics for such a system, the stability of stars at the upper part of the main sequence is studied. Here, the C-N-O cycle is the principal energy source. It is assumed that the star is in hydrostatic equilibrium, that the temperature in the region of nuclear reaction is constant, and that convection and diffusion are unimportant. Five conditions for stability are obtained, the first three being satisfied for a star. The other two, however, are contradictory. The thermodynamic system is therefore unstable. Reasons for the contradiction are adduced, and it is shown that convection, diffusion, temperature variation and the cycle reactions other than the C-N-O cycle must be considered.

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