Spitzer unveils the nature of high-z (2<z<4) overdensities selected by Planck & Herschel

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The Planck mission has the unique capability of finding systematically and on the whole sky the rarest, most luminous high redshift submm sources. These can be lensed objects or obscured star-forming proto-groups/clusters of galaxies containing many individual sources forming stars at very high rates. Our full sample of candidates contains about 1 source per 28 sq. deg., and already 3 candidates have been spectroscopically confirmed as interesting high-z sources: one is a potential proto-group at z2 (using Herschel/SPIRE/OT1 and CFHT, VLT/XSHOOTER and PDBI); and 2 others are z=3-5.2 strongly lensed galaxies in the H-ATLAS and around A773 in H LS. We were just granted (last week) Herschel OT2 SPIRE imaging time to target 70 Planck sources, as well as additional 21 sources with SCUBA2 to statistically study these extreme objects probing bright end of the high-z luminosity function. Are these sources mainly lensed galaxies or overdensities ? As part of a pilot study to prepare observations of the complete sample, we propose IRAC imaging (down to 1uJy and 1.8uJu 5sigma in channels 1 and 2) of the 20 most promising targets to constrain the photometric redshifts and to measure the stellar mass in galaxies associated with these structures. These sources have no obvious WISE counterparts. Spitzer/IRAC is the only instrument to image these obscured high-z structures efficiently at the necessary angular resolution and sensitivity. We believe that IRAC photometry is an essential component to understand the nature of these high-z structures to be observed by Herschel and SCUBA2 and is the first necessary step towards a further ambitious multi-wavelength follow-up program aiming at getting spectroscopic redshifts and full physical and dynamical diagnostics.

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