Spiral wave viscosity in self-gravitating accretion disks

Statistics – Computation

Scientific paper

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Accretion Disks, Computational Astrophysics, Galactic Rotation, Gravitational Effects, Viscosity, Many Body Problem, Momentum Transfer, Protoplanets, Quasars

Scientific paper

N-body experiments on an accretion disk comprised of weakly self-gravitating particles in a background Keplerian potential are described. The results show that spiral waves are an important mechanism for the accretion of particles in a rotating disk via angular momentum losses. The spiral waves give a viscosity to the disk that transports angular momentum and causes the particles to spiral slowly toward the central mass. The rate of angular momentum loss is found to be proportional to the fractional disk mass as f exp 7/2. For a 1 percent self-gravitating disk, the time scale for total accretion is found to be on the order of a million rotation periods. An autocorrelation analysis shows that the fundamental potential perturbations are the spiral wakes described by Julian and Toomre (1966). Applications to quasars and protoplanetary disks are briefly discussed.

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