Spectroscopic characteristics of 1H2214 + 589/3G71 - 3G71 may be a Herbig Ae/Be star

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

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Irregular Variable Stars, X Ray Binaries, Astronomical Spectroscopy, Spectrographs, H Alpha Line, Astronomical Catalogs, Forbidden Transitions

Scientific paper

We present evidence showing that the Be star 3G71, proposed as the optical counterpart of the Be/X-ray binary source 1H2214 + 589, may be a Herbig Ae/Be star. This evidence can be summarized as follows: (1) Analysis of the optical spectra of 3G71 made by spectroscopic observations using a CCD spectrograph at the BAO 2.16-m telescope indicates: (a) Forbidden lines, such as OI 6300 and 6363 A, FeII 5527, 4889, 4814, 4415, 4359, and 4304 A, are present in the spectra. (b) The H-alpha emission line is unusually strong. Its equivalent width is sometimes more than 100 A. The photospheric absorption lines of hydrogen are very wide. In the case of H-beta, the distance between two wings amounts to 60 A. (2) We have performed cross-identification between the HST GSC catalog and the IRAS Point Source Catalog and found the IRAS point source counterpart of 3G71 to be 2248 + 6058. Its equatorial coordinates (at equinox 1950.0) are 22h 24m 53.8s and +60 deg 58 min 13.1 sec, while those given by the GSC catalog are 22h 24m 53.37s and +60 deg 58 min 13.1 sec. The differences are merely 0.4s and 2 sec, being less than the uncertainty ellipse (major axis: 11 sec, minor axis: 6 sec) given in IRAS PSC. The flux densities quoted from IRAS GSC and the deduced IRAS IR magnitudes make it clear that 3G71 has a very large IR color excess, since the V magnitude of 3G71 found from GSC is 12.2 and its V-(25) = +12.47, which is much larger than that expected for classical Be stars and satisfies the criterion for the Herbig Ae/Be stars given by Hu et al., i.e., V-(25) greater than 7. (3) Using a Palomar sky survey map, we have made a search for nebulosity in the immediate vicinity of 3G71 and discovered a bright nebula, at whose center 3G71 is just located. Its diameter is about 1 arcmin. It is concluded from the characterstics of 3G71 mentioned above that 3G71 may be a Herbig Ae/Be star.

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