Spectral identification of geological units on the surface of Mars related to the presence of silicates from earth-based near-infrared telescopic charge-coupled device imaging

Mathematics – Logic

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Charge Coupled Devices, Infrared Telescopes, Mars Surface, Silicates, Spectrum Analysis, Basalt, High Resolution, Mars Volcanoes, Near Infrared Radiation, Olivine

Scientific paper

During the September 1988 Mars opposition, new high spatial (100-150 km) and spectral resolution near-IR telescopic CCD images of Mars were obtained from Pic-du-Midi Observatory. These images allow the association of spectral units with morphologic surface units on Mars, especially within the dark regions which exhibit much greater variability than the bright regions. Mineralogical interpretation of the data leads to a global description of the surface state of alteration consistent with the spatial distribution of bright and dark regions, with the bright regions being more altered than the dark. Within the less altered regions, Fe(2+) crystal field absorption bands are detected, indicative of the presence of mafic minerals in agreement with a likely crustal basaltic composition. The most conspicuous Fe(2+) absorption features are clearly related to the volcanic regions of the Syrtis Major Shield and Hesperia Planum unit. The strongest observed absorptions due to olivine and clinopyroxene are spatially associated with the restricted central caldera complex of Nili-Meroe Paterae (within Syrtis Major) and the Tyrrhena Patera unit (within Hesperia Planum) and indicate an ultramafic composition.

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