Spallation-Fission Competition in Heaviest Elements: Triton Production

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Scientific paper

Stacked foils of Au197, Th232, and U238 were bombarded, in a series of experiments, with 48-Mev helium ions, 24-Mev deuterons, and 32-Mev protons. Tritium from each foil was collected and then measured by a gas-counting technique. The qualitative results indicate that high-energy tritons are emitted in relatively large abundance from all targets and with each of the bombarding particles. Cross sections for triton production from fissionable U238 and Th232 and from nonfissionable Au197 are comparable. The integrated (α, t) cross sections thus determined for U238 and Th232 are nearly the same as the integrated cross sections for the "(α, p2n)" reactions as determined by measuring the yield of the product heavy isotopes in radiochemical experiments. All of the facts are consistent with a picture of emission of high-energy tritons (whether due to a stripping, pickup, or other mechanism) in which fissionable intermediate nuclei are formed mainly at levels of excitation below their fission thresholds.

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