Some initial results on mid-latitude spread-F irregularities using a directional ionosonde

Computer Science – Sound

Scientific paper

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Atmospheric Ionization, Ionosondes, Midlatitude Atmosphere, Spread F, Azimuth, Ionograms, Ionospheric Electron Density, Ionospheric Ion Density, Ionospheric Sounding, Sporadic E Layer, Zenith

Scientific paper

Experiments performed at Brisbane, Australia over an extended period of time on signals from spread-F irregularities all produced results suggesting that these irregularities have the form of large-scale frontal structures. A directional ionosonde was used to record returning ionospheric signals in two antenna arms at right angles; the zenith angles and azimuths-of-arrival of these signals were calculated. It is shown that ionospheric spread-F signals arrive predominantly from directions in the northwest quadrant. Moreover, tongues of ionization are observed during these occurrences, which extend some tens of kilometers below the normal level of the F-2 layer. These observations are consistent with earlier reports of the existence of almost-vertical ionospheric contours of equal-ionization density. One event showed an enhanced maximum electron density of the F2 layer at the tongue position. Isolated patches of sporadic E, with associated spreading of the E(s) trace also occurred at the times of 18 tongue events. These tongues may help to explain how and why spread-F irregularities are formed.

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