Solar radiation and its variation in time

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

Scientific paper

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Insolation, Solar Constant, Solar Radiation, Solar Spectra, Variability, Nimbus Satellites, Solar Maximum Mission, Spaceborne Astronomy

Scientific paper

Determination of the solar constant and spectrum are analyzed to define the solar variability over time. Mountaintop data sets were found to contain too much noise for use, so spacecraft measurements over the last 15 yr (1965-1980) were examined; instrumentation consisted of absolute radiometers, which have a reference scale to correlate readings from different instruments. Nimbus-6 readings in 1975 were 1.5% above previous averages, but were found to be due to sensor error caused by operation in a space environment. Solar Maximum Mission, Nimbus-7, and balloon flight measurements all recorded the solar output as 1368 W/sq m. The absence of measurements from 1969 to the solar minimum leaves uncertainties in the determination of whether or not the solar constant changes with solar activity. The spectral data set is also regarded as inconclusive, and long term, continuous monitoring is recommended.

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