Significance of carbonate buffers in natural waters reacting with supercritical CO2: Implications for monitoring, measuring and verification (MMV) of geologic carbon sequestration

Mathematics – Logic

Scientific paper

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Geochemistry: Geochemical Modeling (3610, 8410), Hydrology: Instruments And Techniques: Monitoring, Global Change: General Or Miscellaneous, Geochemistry: Instruments And Techniques

Scientific paper

Successful geologic sequestration of carbon in deep saline aquifers requires accurate predictive models of rock-brine-CO2 interaction. Often overlooked in siliciclastic-hosted saline reservoirs is the carbonate buffering of the groundwater. Carbonate minerals are ubiquitous, even in siliciclastic host rocks, resulting in some carbonate buffering. Geochemical modeling of rock-brine-CO2 systems often do not accurately predict the geochemical evolution of the system leading to significant doubts in predicting the performance of carbon repositories. New data from a simple NaCl brine-plagioclase hydrothermal experiment tests carbon sequestration in dawsonite and sensitivity to carbonate buffering. This is contrasted to a NaCl brine - siliciclastic rock system containing some initial bicarbonate buffering, analogous to most saline-aquifer sequestration targets, and show that critical errors are caused by incomplete or inaccurate characterization of the in situ geochemistry. We provide a methodology that accurately predicts the in situ condition using samples collected from brine-rock-CO2 experiments or well-heads in a carbon sequestration monitoring scenario.

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