Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics
Scientific paper
Apr 1979
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1979a%26a....74..206m&link_type=abstract
Astronomy and Astrophysics, vol. 74, no. 2, Apr. 1979, p. 206-217.
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astrophysics
32
Galactic Evolution, Galactic Structure, Luminous Intensity, Main Sequence Stars, Brightness, Chemical Composition, Galactic Clusters, Galactic Radiation, Hubble Diagram, Hydrogen Clouds, Spectrum Analysis, Ubv Spectra, Variable Stars
Scientific paper
Strong evidence is presented to show that early-type galaxies of Hubble classes E and S0 can be classified into three sequences on the basis of the correlation between luminosity and effective diameter, effective diameter and average surface brightness, or luminosity and average surface brightness. Evidence is discussed that the correlations are different for different clusters of galaxies. The term 'populations' is introduced to express the concept of systematic structural differences between galaxies in various groups. The color-luminosity relation is reevaluated, and average (U-B) colors of early-type galaxies in different groups and clusters are compared. The results are found to support the concept of distinct sequences and to prove the existence of different populations. A luminosity estimator, which involves the average surface brightness, (U-B) color, and Hubble class of early-type galaxies, is devised and used to derive differential distance moduli for 48 groups, clouds, and clusters.
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