Sensing atmospheric water vapor with the Global Positioning System

Mathematics – Logic

Scientific paper

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Meteorology And Atmospheric Dynamics: Instruments And Techniques, Atmospheric Composition And Structure: Transmission And Scattering Of Radiation, Atmospheric Composition And Structure: Troposphere-Composition And Chemistry, Atmospheric Composition And Structure: Instruments And Techniques

Scientific paper

Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers, water vapor radiometers (WVRs), and surface meteorological equipment were operated at both ends of a 50-km baseline in Colorado to measure the precipitable water vapor (PWV) and wet delay in the line-of-sight to GPR satellites. Using high precision orbits, WVR-measured and GPS-inferred PWV differences between the two sites usually agreed to better than 1 mm. Using less precise on-line broadcast orbits increased the discrepancy by 30%. Data simulations show that GPS measurements can provide mm-level separate PWV estimates for the two sites, as opposed to just their difference, if baselines exceed 500 km and the highest accuracy GPS orbits are used.

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