Self-similar motions of a photon gas and the Friedmann model

Mathematics – Logic

Scientific paper

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Astronomical Models, Big Bang Cosmology, Electromagnetic Wave Transmission, Gas Dynamics, Photons, Discontinuity, Horizon, Radial Velocity, Relativity, Shock Wave Propagation

Scientific paper

The purpose of the present paper is to put Friedmann's solution in proper perspective with respect to other spherically symmetric similar solutions and to study the physical and analytical properties of other solutions. An analysis of the properties of self-similar gas motions reveals the existence of a nonsingular event horizon for all solutions with a weak discontinuity. Friedmann's solution pertains to a one-parameter family of solutions that are continuous in the center of symmetry. These solutions are described in some detail. Solutions with strong shock waves are shown to correspond to the problem of initial focusing of the gas toward the center of symmetry in the presence of a supercritical discontinuity. The results of qualitative and quantitative analysis of the corresponding dynamic system are outlined. New cosmological solutions with weak and strong discontinuities are obtained.

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