Searching For The Youngest Planets With CSHELL

Statistics – Methodology

Scientific paper

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Scientific paper

We are using CSHELL at the IRTF to confirm the presence of giant planets in a sample of 1-3 Myr old T Tauri stars in the Taurus-Auriga low-mass star forming region. The presence of large, cool star spots makes this a challenging environment in which to conduct a traditional RV survey; optical RV amplitudes are typically hundreds of m/s from stellar activity alone. However, we can leverage the fact that spot-induced RV modulation is dependent of wavelength. We identify potential candidates based on initial optical observations obtained at McDonald Observatory, Kitt Peak, and through the Keck HIRES Archive. Bisector analysis helps us identify targets to continue observing in the K band where the spot noise is much lower. Companion-induced variability will have the same amplitude at both wavelengths. We present details on our methodology for determining NIR RVs using CSHELL; over a two year baseline, we achieve 60 m/s precision on RV standards. We also present progress in modeling how stellar parameters affect the optical-to-NIR RV contrast and analysis of several candidate planet hosts. Given the young ages of these targets, a positive detection will place one of the first observational constraints on the planet formation timescale.

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