Searching For Stellar X-ray Cycles With XMM-Newton

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Stellar activity cycles are known to be a widespread phenomenon amongst moderately active stars due to long term monitoring of chromospheric Ca II H and K emission lines by O.C. Wilson and others. Whether or not similar periodicities exist in the X-ray spectra of most solar-type stars, however, is currently unknown. Apart from our sun, only a handful of stellar X-ray cycles have been observed (61 Cygni (A and possibly B), HD 81809 and Centauri B). We seek to improve our perspective of stellar X-ray cycles by surveying a large population of serendipitous stellar sources in XMM-Newton fields which have been observed frequently over long timescales of 10 years. We present our analysis of 46 sources (with 6 G and K stars) from 8 fields. We fit a single temperature APEC spectrum to each source and search for significant periodicities in the fitted APEC flux using a Lomb-Scargle Periodogram (LSP). Since errors are not taken into account in the LSP, we use Monte Carlo simulations to consider the APEC flux errors. No clear X-ray cycle is detected for any of the stellar sources in our sample. This work is supported in part by the NSF REU and DOD ASSURE programs under NSF grant no. 0754568 and by the Smithsonian Institution.

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