Searching For A Companion Star Of Tycho'S Type Ia Supernova With Optical Spectroscopic Observations

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We report our first results of searching for a companion star of a type Ia supernova (SN Ia) with photometric observations and spectroscopic observations in Tycho's supernova remnant (SNR Tycho). If a companion star is found, evolutionary scenarios for binary systems leading to supernovae Ia and explosion models will be constrained. In photometric observations, we measure stars in SNR Tycho to select spectroscopic targets with the projected distances from the center of SNR Tycho. Ruiz-Lapuente et al. (2004) indicated the existence of a companion star in SNR Tycho based on distance estimates and proper motions, but it was not a direct method to prove the association of the star with the ejecta. Ozaki & Shigeyama (2006) proposed the following method to identify a companion star. If the ejecta of young supernova remnants, such as SNR Tycho, have a sufficient amount of Fe I, we can detect absorption lines associated with transitions from the ground states of Fe I. Since the ejecta are expanding and Fe I components are moving toward us, a spectrum of a star within SNR Tycho should have blue-shifted components of Fe I. In our spectroscopic observations with Subaru telescope, we get 6 stellar spectra of the targets and compare them with template stellar spectra to detect the absorption lines. However, we cannot find any absorption lines of Fe I. We consider two possibilities. One is that all of the observed stars are foreground stars of a SN Ia. The other is that this method cannot be used for SNR Tycho because the ejecta don't have enough Fe I to exhibit absorption lines. To confirm which possibility is the case, we need to observe enough number of stars located behind SNR Tycho and evaluate the strengths of absorption lines of Fe I in the ejecta. The spectra of the background stars of SNR Tycho should have both blue-shifted and red-shifted components of the Fe I absorption lines if there exist enough amount of Fe I. Hence, we estimated the distances of stars in the candidate region and found that we could obtain spectra of about 10 stars located behind SNR Tycho by performing 2 mag deeper spectroscopic observations than those we had already carried out.

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