Statistics – Computation
Scientific paper
Mar 1981
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1981jhatd...2....3b&link_type=abstract
Johns Hopkins APL Technical Digest, vol. 2, Jan.-Mar. 1981, p. 3-13.
Statistics
Computation
Geodetic Satellites, Maritime Satellites, Navigation Satellites, Satellite Navigation Systems, Surface Navigation, Airborne/Spaceborne Computers, Doppler Navigation, Gravitational Effects, Injection Guidance, Ocean Surface, Positioning, Radio Navigation, Radio Wave Refraction, Satellite Orbits, Satellite-Borne Instruments, Tracking Stations, Transit Satellites, U.S.S.R. Space Program
Scientific paper
A technique, involving the Doppler shift in frequency for determining the satellite orbit, has provided the means for creating the Navy Navigation Satellite System (Transit), which is presented. The system architecture, including the tracking and injection stations, the computing center, and the receiver, is described. Attention is given to the two kinds (navigation and surveying) of Doppler position determination. A flat-earth approximation analog of satellite navigation is explained, and a computation for the satellite Doppler shift is given, along with corrections for the tropospheric and ionospheric (refractive) effects. Computing the satellite orbit involves replacing the elementary gravitational model of the earth with a more accurate one and adding: (1) the drag force caused by the satellite motion through the atmosphere, (2) a force caused by sunlight, and (3) the gravitational forces caused by the sun and moon. The two measures of system precision, for navigational and surveying use, are described, and it is shown that the accuracy of position determination is 1 to 5 x 10 to the -7th of the radius of the earth. Over distances of several hundred to a thousand kilometers, when compared with direct distance measures, Transit is accurate to a few decimeters.
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