Satellite research on solar flares

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics

Scientific paper

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Astrophysics, Radiation Effects, Solar Flares, Spaceborne Experiments, Energy Conversion, Magnetic Fields, Particles, Radiation Detectors, Solar Neutrons

Scientific paper

Spaceborne experiments were designed to study the origin and nature of solar flares. The mechanism by which the energy of the Sun's magnetic fields is converted into the energy of accelerated elementary particles are studied. It was found that light electrons, heavy protons and nuclei of a number of heavy elements are accelerated not in succession, as was formerly thought, but simultaneously. In the space of a second or fractions of a second, these particles are accelerated over tremendous distances and acquire energies as high as tens of millions of electron volts. Solar neutrons which provided extremely fine primary information on energy characteristics of the solar acceleration mechanism were registered for the first time in history with the aid of satellite and ground instruments. These neutrons were found to have energies as high as one billion electron volts. Results are expected to find practical use in the improvement of measures for protecting cosmonauts against radiation hazard.

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